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, Zilwa Mumtaz KAM School of Life Sciences, Forman Christian College University , Lahore , Pakistan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Saeeda Zia Department of Sciences and Humanities, National University of Computer and Emerging Sciences , Lahore , Pakistan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Rashid Saif Department of Biotechnology, Qarshi University , Lahore , Pakistan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Muhammad Farhan Ul Haque School of Biological Sciences, University of the Punjab , Lahore , Pakistan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Muhammad Zubair Yousaf KAM School of Life Sciences, Forman Christian College University , Lahore , Pakistan Corresponding author: Muhammad Zubair Yousaf, KAM School of Life Sciences, Forman Christian College University, Ferozpur Road, 54600 Lahore, Pakistan. Email: mzubairyousaf@formanite.fccollege.edu.pk Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5087-7236 Journal of Evolutionary Biology, Volume 37, Issue 8, August 2024, Pages 915–925, https://doi.org/10.1093/jeb/voae076
Published:
29 June 2024
Article history
Received:
12 October 2023
Revision received:
12 April 2024
Accepted:
11 June 2024
Published:
29 June 2024
Corrected and typeset:
19 July 2024
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Zilwa Mumtaz, Saeeda Zia, Rashid Saif, Muhammad Farhan Ul Haque, Muhammad Zubair Yousaf, Evolutionary patterns and heterogeneity of dengue virus serotypes in Pakistan, Journal of Evolutionary Biology, Volume 37, Issue 8, August 2024, Pages 915–925, https://doi.org/10.1093/jeb/voae076
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Abstract
A comprehensive and systematic examination of dengue virus (DENV) evolution is essential in Pakistan, where the virus poses a significant public health challenge due to its ability to adapt and evolve. To shed light on the intricate evolutionary patterns of all four DENV serotypes, we analyzed complete genome sequences (n = 43) and Envelope (E) gene sequences (n = 44) of all four DENV serotypes collected in Pakistan from 1994 to 2023, providing a holistic view of their genetic evolution. Our findings revealed that all four serotypes of DENV co-circulate in Pakistan with a close evolutionary relationship between DENV-1 and DENV-3. Among the genetically distinct serotypes DENV-2 and DENV-4, DENV-4 stands out as the most genetically different, while DENV-2 exhibits greater complexity due to the presence of multiple genotypes and the possibility of temporal fluctuations in genotype prevalence. Selective pressure analysis of the Envelope (E) gene revealed heterogeneity among sequences (n = 44), highlighting 46 codons in the genome experiencing selective pressure, characterized by a bias toward balancing selection, indicating genetic stability of the virus. Furthermore, our study suggested an intriguing evolutionary shift of DENV-4 toward the DENV-2 clade, potentially influenced by antibodies with cross-reactivity to multiple serotypes, providing a critical insight into the complex factors, shaping DENV evolution and contributing to the emergence of new serotypes.
evolution, phylogenetics, selection pressure, viral genome, population genetics, sequence
© The Author(s) 2024. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the European Society of Evolutionary Biology. All rights reserved. For commercial re-use, please contact reprints@oup.com for reprints and translation rights for reprints. All other permissions can be obtained through our RightsLink service via the Permissions link on the article page on our site—for further information please contact journals.permissions@oup.com.
This article is published and distributed under the terms of the Oxford University Press, Standard Journals Publication Model (https://academic.oup.com/pages/standard-publication-reuse-rights)
Issue Section:
research articles
Handling Editor: Rebekah Rogers Rebekah Rogers Handling Editor Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic
Associate Editor: Imroze Khan Imroze Khan Associate Editor Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic
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